Transformational Leadership Factor Affecting Teachers? Job Satisfaction of High School in Tieling City under Liaoning Province
คำสำคัญ:
transformational leadership, teachers? job satisfaction, high school in Tieling Cityบทคัดย่อ
The objectives of this research were: (1) To explore the factors and indicators of transformational leadership and teachers? job satisfaction of high school in Tieling City under Liaoning Province. (2) To examine factors of transformational leadership affecting teachers? job satisfaction of high school in Tieling City under Liaoning Province. (3) To propose the guidelines for improving transformational leadership of high school administrators in Tieling City under Liaoning Province.
This research was a mixed method research, including quantitative research and qualitative research. The population consisted of 3645 high school teachers of 16 high schools in Tieling City under Liaoning Province. The sample size was determined by Yamane formulate that obtained through random sampling technique. There were 360 high school teachers as the sample in total. The instrument used for collecting data was a five-point rating scale questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Multiple regression analysis were used to perform data analysis using statistical software.
The results showed that; 1) There were 4 factors of transformational leadership of high school: moral model, build a vision, leadership charisma and Individualized care, 61 indicators and 4 factors of teachers? job satisfaction of high school: work itself, interpersonal relationship, school management, income and welfare and 26 indicators in this. 2) Factors of transformational leadership affecting on teachers' job satisfaction: the results showed that the correlation coefficient of moral model, build a vision, leadership charisma, Individualized care, transformational leadership and teachers? job satisfaction were 0.542,0.550,0.711,0.517 and 0.776 respectively, and the corresponding P values are less than 0. 01, has statistical significance, moral model, build a vision, leadership charisma and Individualized care and teachers 'job satisfaction have significant positive correlation, transformational leadership is higher, teachers' job satisfaction is higher. 3) There were 18 guidelines for improving transformational leadership of high school principals in Tieling City, Liaoning Province, including 4 guidelines of strengthening moral model, 2 guidelines of leadership charisma, 6 guidelines of enhancing individualized care, and 5 guidelines of build a vision motivation.
References
Abraham J P. Cynicism about organizational change[J]. Group and Organization Management, 2000.
Allen N J, Mayer J P. The measurement and antecedents of affective, continuance and normative commitment to the organization[J]. Journal of occupational and organizational Psychology, 2002.
Alimo?Metcalfe B, Alban?Metcalfe R J. The development of a new transformational leadership questionnaire[J]. Journal of occupational and organizational Psychology,2001.
Avolio B J, Zhu W, Koh W, Bhatia P. Transformational leadership and organizational commitment:mediating role of psychology empower and mediating role of structure distance [J]. Journal of organizational Behavior,2004.
Bass B M. Theory of Transformational Leadership Redux. The Leadership Quarterly, 1995,6 (4):463-478
Burns, J. M. Leadership [M]. New York, NY: Harper & Row. 1985: 20.
Bass, B. M. Leadership and Performance beyond Expectations [M]. New York, NY: Free Press, 1985: 14 -24, 26 -28.
Banks, G. C. , Mccauley, K.D., Gardner, W.L., et al. A Meta-analytic Review of Authentic and Transformational Leadership: A Test for Redundancy [J]. Leadership Quarterly, 2016( 4) : 634 652.
Buonomo, I. , Fiorilli, C. & Benevene, P. Unravelling Teacher Job Satisfaction: The Contribution of Collective Efficacy and Emotions Towards Professional Role [J] . International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2020(3). https: / /doi. org /10. 3390 /ijerph17030736.
Buri, I. & Mo?, A. What Makes Teachers Enthusiastic: The Interplay of Positive Affect, Self-efficacy and Job Satisfaction [J]. Teaching and Teacher Education, 2020 ( 3) : 110.
Chen Xin. The Significance and Methods of School Evaluation of Teachers' Job Satisfaction [J]. 2005. 36.
Chen Hu, Yin Yingji, WANG Yingchao. Research on the relationship between Servant leadership style, Job Stress and Job satisfaction [J]. Statistics and Decision, 2017 (6) : 100 103.
Chen Yunying, Sun Shaobang. Measurement of teacher job Satisfaction [J]. Psychological Science, 1994.
Du Pengcheng, Yao Yao, Du Xue. The impact of Inclusive Leadership on Employees' Job Satisfaction: The mediating effect based on psychological ownership [J]. Enterprise Economics, 2017(8) : 96 103.
Feng Bolin. A Study on Teachers' Job Satisfaction and its Influencing factors [J]. Educational Research, 1996.
Gong Huoliang. A study on the status quo of high school teachers' job satisfaction in Henan Province [D]. Master's thesis, Henan University, 2002.
Gui, C. , Luo, A. , Zhang, P. , et al. A Meta-analysis of Transformational Leadership in Hospitality Research [J]. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 2020( 6) : 2029 2034.
He Weiqiang, Xuan Hongping. Research on Teachers' Job Satisfaction and its Social psychological mechanism [J]. Journal of Qiqihar University (Philosophy Social Science Edition), 2002.
He Yiqing, Liu Na, Sun Ying. How role dynamics affect teachers' performance and health: The moderating effect of proactive personality on job satisfaction [J]. Exploration of Higher Education, 2020(1) : 99 108.
Huang Chunsheng. Research on the correlation between job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intention [D]. Xiamen: Ph. D. Thesis, Xiamen University, 2004.
Ji Chunmei, Feng Bang, Zhao Hui. How transformational leadership of school principals affects Job satisfaction of primary and secondary school teachers [J]. Global Education Outlook, 2019, 51 (2) : 93-107.
Liang Wenyan. Job requirements, job resources and teachers' Job satisfaction: An empirical study based on international survey data of teachers' teaching in Shanghai [J]. Educational Research, 2020(10) : 102 115.
Liu Shiyong, Liu Zhixing, LI Jiaoyan. Research on the relationship between paternalistic leadership, job satisfaction and coercive organizational citizenship behavior of college counselors [J]. Hubei Social Sciences, 2018(8) : 166 170.
Li Chaoping, Meng Hui, Shi Kan. The Impact of transformational Leadership on organizational citizenship Behavior [J]. Psychological Science, 2006.
Li Chaoping, Shi Kan. A study on the relationship between transformational leadership and leadership Effectiveness [J]. Psychological Science, 2003.
Li Chaopin, Tian Bao, Shi Kan. Transformational Leadership and Employee work attitude: The mediating role of psychological empowerment [J]. Psychology, 2006.
Li Chaopin, Shi Kan. The Structure and measurement of transformational Leadership [J]. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 2005.
Lin Chongde, Shen Jiliang, Xin Tao. The composition of teacher Quality and its training approach [J]. Chinese Journal of Education,1996.
Liao Yanfang. A study on the relationship between school principals' leadership and school effectiveness in Macao Middle School [D]. Guangzhou: Master's degree, South China Normal University, Paper, 2002.
Ling Wenshuan, Fang Liluo. Leadership and Motivation [M]. Beijing: China Machine Press, 2000.
Long Junwei. School-based Personnel Development and Management [M]. Guangzhou: Guangdong Higher Education Press, 2002.
Luo Shuangping. Career stage Division [J]. Chinese Talent, 2002.
Lopes, J. & Oliveira, C. Teacher and School Determinants of Teacher Job Satisfaction: A Multilevel Analysis [J]. School Effectiveness and School Improvement, 2020( 3) : 1 -19
Locke, E.A. What is Job Satisfaction? [J]. Organizational Behavior Human Performance, 1969 ( 4) : 309 -336.
Liu Chao, Xia Ni. Research on the mediating variables of the relationship between transformational leadership and job satisfaction. Financial Theory and Practice, 2012, (1) : 91-94
Mackenzie, S. B. , Podsakoff, P. M. & Rich, G. A. Transformational and Transactional Leadership and Salesperson Performance [J]. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 2001( 2) : 115 -134.
Meng Hui. An Empirical Study on Transformational Leadership Style [J]. Applied Psychology, 2004. 463-478
Meng Hui. The Five Personality Traits of enterprise managers, trait goal Orientation and transformational leadership [PhD thesis D]. Shanghai: East China Normal University, 2003,3
Meng Hui. An Empirical Study on Transformational Leadership Style [J]. Applied Psychology, 2004,10 (2) : 18-22
Mowday, R. T. , Steers, R. M. & Porter, L. W. Employee-organisation Linkages: The Psychology of Commitment, Absenteeism and Turnover [M] . New York, NY: Academic Press, 1982: 28-45.
Nyenyembe, F. W. , Maslowski, R. , Nimrod, B. S. , et al. Leadership Styles and Teachers' Job Satisfaction in Tanzanian Public Secondary Schools [J] . Universal Journal of Educational Research, 2016 ( 5 ) : 980 -988.
Podsakoff, P. M. , Mackenzie, S. B. , Moorman, R. H. , et al. Transformational Leader Behaviors and Their Effects on Followers' Trust in Leader, Satisfaction, and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors [J] . The Leadership Quarterly, 1990( 2) : 107- 142.
R?Hoppock. Job Satisfaction [M]. New York: Harper and Row Inc.,1935.
Shi Yan. The Relationship between University campus culture and staff job satisfaction [D]. Master's thesis, Tsinghua University, 2004.
Skaalvik, E. M. & Skaalvik, S. Motivated for Teaching? Associations with School Goal Structure, Teacher Self-efficacy, Job Satisfaction and Emotional Exhaustion [J]. Teaching & Teacher Education, 2017( 7) : 152 -160.
Toropova, A. , Myrberg, E. & Johansson, S. Teacher Job Satisfaction: the Importance of School WorkingConditions and Teacher Characteristics [J] . Educational Review, 2020( 8) : 1 27.
T.Judge, R. Piccolo. Transformational and Rransactional Leadership:A Meta - analytic Test of their Relativevalidity [J] . Journal of Applied Psychology , 2004, 89 (4) : 755 - 768
Veeriah, J. , Chua, Y. P. & Siaw, Y. L. Principal's Transformational and Teachers' Affective Commitment in Primary Cluster Schools in Selangor [J] . International Online Journal of Educational Leadership, 2017 ( 1) : 60 -89
Wang Zuli. A survey on junior high school teachers' Job satisfaction [J]. Contemporary Educational Science, 2003.
Wu Zhiming, Wu Xin. The Impact of transformational Leadership in Knowledge Teams on organizational citizenship behavior [J]. Psychological Science, 2006.
Wang Zhen, Chen Loni, Li Xupei. Transformational leadership and job engagement: a mediation model based on Affective Perspective [J]. Management Review, 2015(9) : 120 129.
Xie Gang. A Psychological Analysis of University Teachers' Job Satisfaction [J]. Journal of Technical Economics, 2000.
Yang Xiaowei. School Leadership in Transformational Change [J]. Educational Research and Experiment, 2005.
Yu Tianci. Research on Organizational Commitment and Motivation of University Teachers: a human resource Perspective [D]. Beijing: Master's degree, Beijing Normal University, The theory of Article, 1999.
Yu Wenzhao. Management Psychology (3rd Edition) [M]. Shanghai: Oriental Publishing House, 2002.
Zhang Tao, Li Hong. Transformational Leadership Theory and its implications for the Work of Principals [J]. Teaching and Administration, 2005.
Zhang Zhongshan, Study on Job Satisfaction of Primary School Teachers in Shanghai [J]. Shanghai Education and Research, 2000.
Zhang Zhongshan, Wu Zhihong. Research on the relationship between principals' Leadership behavior and Teachers' Job satisfaction [J]. Psychological Science, 2001.
Zhou Junhong. The Correlation between school organizational climate and teachers' Job satisfaction [J]. Coal Higher Education, 1997.
Zhou Yajuan. A study on the correlation between organizational climate and teachers' job satisfaction in junior middle schools in Guizhou Province [D]. Guizhou Normal University, Master's thesis. 2005
Zhou Li-Chao. A Study on the Job Satisfaction of University teachers [J]. Journal of Tianjin Television University, 2004.
Zhuge Weimin. Investigation and Analysis of the Current Situation of Physical Education teachers' Job Satisfaction in Zhejiang, Shanghai, and Jiangsu Universities [J]. Beijing Sports University Journal of Science, 2001.
Zhu Yan. Job stress level and its impact on job satisfaction of teachers in Shanghai, China: An empirical analysis based on TALIS2018 data [J]. Global Education Perspectives, 2020(8): 117 128.
Zhao Qian, Xi Rong, The Transition of President's Leadership [J], Education Journal of Renmin University of China, 2018(2): 69-77.
