The Existence of Living Things : The Problem of Condition and the Metaphysics of Life in Buddhist Philosophy

Abstract

This article explores and analyzes the problem of the state and metaphysics of existence within Buddhist philosophy. It presents new knowledge that differs from Western philosophies, which often seek the essence or essence of life. Buddhist philosophy rejects this concept entirely and focuses on dismantling the misconception of the self or the permanent self. The analysis covers three main, interrelated themes: 1) redefining life as a process. This article uses the principles of the three characteristics and dependent origination to assert that life is merely a temporary manifestation of the five aggregates, a process arising from continuously interconnected causal factors, not something that exists by itself. 2) Using the Anattalakkhana Sutta as key evidence, this article draws on logical evidence from the suttas to support the argument that if the five aggregates were the self, we should be able to control them. However, in reality, we cannot. This is the reason why the five aggregates are not our self, as if we are merely tenants in the body, not the true owners. 3) Connecting philosophy to practice to extinguish suffering. Understanding these philosophical principles is not solely for academic debate, but rather leads to liberation from suffering through a transformation from possessor to enlightened being in life. Letting go of clinging to self is therefore the core of practice. And it is the path to the cessation of suffering.

In summary, Buddhist philosophy does not answer the question of what life is. Rather, it provides intellectual tools to enable us to unravel our attachments and live peacefully in the reality of life.

In summary, Buddhist philosophy does not answer the question of what life is. Rather, it provides intellectual tools to enable us to unravel our attachments and live peacefully in the reality of life.